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Myers Briggs Type Instrument® (MBTI®)

The MBTI is the world’s most popular psychological instrument. It has been continually developed and updated for over 50 years. Currently over 50 million people have taken it and every year more than 3 million people complete the instrument in one of the several languages it is available in.

The instrument is based on the Swiss Psychologist Carl Jung’s theory of psychological type which very basically put states those differences in behaviour result from our natural tendency to use our mind in different ways and as we develop patterns of behaviour we further reinforce them. Through his study of people he developed the first three of the four dichotomies that are used today on the MBTI. Myers and Briggs added on the fourth after considerable stuffy of Jung’s works and their own observations.

Theory

The MBTI is about preferences along a dichotomy, when we take the instrument the result we receive shows not whether we are one or the other but only our preference for using one more than the other. In reality we have to use all everyday to get along with those around us and survive in the world. This is similar to writing with the hand we use least, unless your ambidextrous, you can write with your other hand but is uncomfortable and generally the results are not exactly the same and this is the same with the four scales, we can use all but we generally have clear preferences.

The four dichotomies

The two columns show either end of the dichotomy and the underlined letter is that which is used as the short form to describe that preference i.e. I am en ENTJ meaning I have a preference for Extraversion, Intuition, Thinking and Judging.

 

The first of the four is around how we prefer to receive and use our energy

Extraversion

Prefer to spend more time in the “outer” world of people, activities and interacting.

Tendencies

  • Talkers
  • Talk ideas through with others
  • Have a wide range of interests
  • Social and expressive

 

 

Introversion

Prefer to spend more time in the inner world of ideas, memories and reflection.

Tendencies

  • Writers
  • Work our ideas by thinking
  • Have depth to their interests
  • Private and contained

The second of the four is around how we prefer to perceive or receive information

Sensing

Prefer to look at what is really going on and like to look at specifics and fine detail.

Tendencies

  • Specific on ideas
  • Focus on realities
  • Observe and remember specifics
  • Trust their experience

 

 

Intuition

Prefer to look at what is going on via the big picture and link this to possibilities and connections

Tendencies

  • Creative on ideas
  • Focus on possibilities
  • Observe and see patterns of interaction
  • Trust their inspiration

 The third of the four is how we prefer to make and take our decisions

Thinking

Tend to be personally removed from the problem and choose based on logic, standards and principle

Tendencies

  • Reasonable
  • Fair - want everyone to be treated the same
  • Analyse problems
  • Logical decision makers
  • Try to arrive at objective truth

 

 

Feeling

Tend to be personally involved in the problem and choose from the effect on personal relationships and values

Tendencies

  • Compassionate
  • Fair - want everyone to be treated as individuals
  • Empathise problems
  • Personal” decision makers
  • Try to arrive at harmony and positive emotions

 

The  final dichotomoy focuses on how we prefer to deal with and manage our outer or real world.

Judging

Tend to prefer a planned and orderly way of being

Tendencies

  • Well organised
  • Methodical and closed on plans
  • Do not like last minute stress
  • Make different ranges of plans

 

 

Perceiving

Tend to prefer a flexible and spontaneous way of being

Tendencies

  • Very flexible
  • “scattered” and open ended on plans
  • Excel in last minute stress
  • Do not always make plans

 

These four preferences and the two ends of the continuum give a total of 16 combinations.

Some key things to remember about Type:

·        The MBTI only helps us choose which is our preferred type this is also done with the support of a tutored session with a qualified administrator of the MBTI.

·        There is no right or wrong, better or worse Type. All 16 types are needed in an effective organisation.

·        Even though two people may be of the same Type this does not mean they will act or react the same as each individual is more complex than the 4 letter combination.

·        Under the ethical guidelines the results of the MBTI are for the person that takes the instrument and remain confidential unless that person chooses to share them.

·        The MBTI is not a selection tool but rather a personal and organisational development tool.

Taking Type further

Type dynamics is a slightly more complex way of looking at the same results. Type dynamics suggest that of the two centre letters, called the functions, one will significantly stronger in our personality and will be used in our dominant attitude i.e. as an ENTJ I am a dominant in thinking and I use this in an extraverted way. This dynamic also changes because as we mature we develop different dichotomies at different ages.

MBTI Step 2 is a more advanced indicator and divides the 4 dichotomies into a further 5 facets. An example of this is that Extraversion can be split down into the following facets; initiating, expressive, gregarious, active and enthusiastic.

MBTI in use

The MBTI is used in several settings including: counselling and psychotherapy, education, career counselling and multicultural settings. In the organisational arena the most common uses are

  • Leadership development
  • Team development
  • Conflict management
  • Improving communication
  • Managing change
  • Recognising and managing stress
  • Coaching
  • Decision making

Benefits to the organisation

The MBTI is an underused tool to develop organisational performance. It can be used at a team, departmental or organisation wide setting. The MBTI tool:

  • Is reliable, valid, cost effective and easy to use (via web or self administering with pen & paper).
  • Offers a well developed logical model that is consistent with human behaviour.
  • Reduces inter-personal conflict through applying an objective, rational framework.
  • Emphasizes the need for and value of diversity.
  • Identifies the assets and blind spots of individuals, teams and organisational units.
  • Helps to develop a clearer understanding of the organisational culture or character
  • Helps people clarify the fit between their work role and their personal preferences.
  • Can only be administered following strict ethical guidelines by qualified people.

Benefits to the individual

The MBTI can be used to enhance personal productivity and relations. Is can be used to support career counselling and coaching.

The MBTI tool:

  • Helps understand oneself better
  • Provides support for understanding the reason why we have conflict with others.
  • Shows how our differenced from those around us can provide a strong bond.
  • Helps people clarify their work and personal preferences.
  • Helps improve communication.
  • Helps reduce conflict and stress by offering a neutral language.
  • Provides insights for improving motivation and restoring vitality.

Taking the MBTI

If you are interested in taking the MBTI and receiving a personalised report with a one hour feedback/coaching session please email me with a phone number and time that you can be contacted and I will call to arrange the instrument taking and to plan for the interpretation session.

If you are an organisation and would like to run a team or department through an MBTI© programme with real life applications to their day to day work please email me with your contact details and I will get in touch.

Currently Andi Roberts can deliver MBTI in English and Spanish, with the English version being available online. Andi uses the MBTI in team and organisational development work, sales training and coaching in Spain, Europe and further abroad.

As a trainer Andi Roberts uses MBTI in team building courses, sales courses, communication courses, coach the coach courses and many other areas. Andi Roberts also combines MBTI with other instruments in his training courses when it is appropriate.

Use of registered trademark - Myers Briggs Type Indicator and MBTI are registered trademarks of the Myers Briggs Trust.
 
Copyright © 2007 Andi Roberts MBA - Masterfacilitator.com - Telephone + 34 628 897 362 - Skype: andiroberts - email andiroberts(AT)masterfacilitator.com
Andi Roberts MBA Freelance bilingual Spanish / English Facilitator, Coach, Consultant, Trainer based in Spain
Andi Roberts trades as Nexo Desarrollo y Consultoría S.L. (B11802543) - Avda Fuentebravia 11 3 2d, 11500 El Puerto de Santa Maria, Cadiz, Spain )T&C's vary with project
Member of IAF, ICF, ERCA - MBTI Qualified, Firo-B Qualified, Lominger Voices Certified